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Resuscitation, bleeding and other injuries

If the casualty is not breathing, only resuscitation helps. If they are bleeding heavily, seconds count.

When to start compressions

When the casualty is deeply unconscious and not breathing.

How to compress

• rate about 100 compressions per minute
• depth 4–5 cm in an adult
• what matters most is sufficient depth and rate

Newer European guidelines say 100–120 per minute and 5–6 cm. The Czech exam is marked against the key above.

Rescue breaths

Breathe normally, 6–8 breaths per minute, without forcing a large volume.

How long to continue

Once started, do not interrupt resuscitation until the ambulance arrives, breathing returns, or you are exhausted.

Massive bleeding

Press on the bleeding point immediately with fingers, palm or folded clothing.

Foreign object in a wound

Leave it in place and treat the bleeding around it.

Suspected spinal injury

Move the casualty as little as possible.

Why no drinks

A casualty asking for a drink gets nothing — thirst can be a sign of internal bleeding.

Check what you remember

Five questions from the official bank. The answer appears only after you choose — try to recall it first, that is what makes learning stick.

1. Question 1 of 5

   How will you proceed with an unconscious injured person who is not breathing and you repeatedly fail to clear their airway:

   I will continue with repeated attempts until I succeed.I will start cardiac massage.I will give up any further activity as it is pointless.

2. Question 2 of 5

   How will you act in case of collapse when the person falls and loses consciousness?

   I will immediately start resuscitation.I will raise the person's legs and ensure clear airways.I will sit the person up and call the ambulance service.

3. Question 3 of 5

   When will you start external cardiac massage:

   Only if I cannot feel a pulse on the injured person.If the injured person is in deep unconsciousness and is not breathing.If they are bleeding heavily.

4. Question 4 of 5

   At a traffic accident with injuries, we first call:

   The fire brigade (150).The police (158).The ambulance service (155).

5. Question 5 of 5

   An injured person is demanding fluids after a traffic accident, how will you act:

   I will provide them with unlimited fluids.I will not give them anything to drink despite their insistence.I can also give them something to eat.