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Unconsciousness and the airway

Before doing anything you need two facts: whether the casualty is conscious and whether they are breathing.

Checking consciousness

Speak to them and try a painful stimulus — for example pinching the earlobe.

Checking breathing for certain

Lean down to their mouth: you must hear the breath and feel it on your cheek.

Opening the airway

Tilt the head back slightly and push the lower jaw upwards; clear the mouth of any foreign matter.

Unconscious but breathing

Open the airway and watch them until the ambulance arrives. If breathing stops, start resuscitation at once.

If they start vomiting

Turn the head to the side and clear the mouth.

If the airway will not open

After three or four attempts, stop and start chest compressions.

How much time you have

In deep unconsciousness without breathing, irreversible brain damage begins within 5 minutes.

A motorcyclist in a helmet

Removing the helmet is best done by two rescuers: one holds the head firmly, the other removes the helmet carefully.

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Check what you remember

Five questions from the official bank. The answer appears only after you choose — try to recall it first, that is what makes learning stick.

  1. Question 1 of 5

    Is there a risk of criminal prosecution if you do not provide first aid?

  2. Question 2 of 5

    The correct rate of chest compressions during cardiac massage for an adult is:

  3. Question 3 of 5

    The emergency medical service is called on the telephone number:

  4. Question 4 of 5

    In case of a head injury, the greatest threat to the injured person is:

  5. Question 5 of 5

    The correct rate of chest compressions during cardiac massage for an adult is: